Lactase

Figure 1. The Lactase enzyme.

Lactase is an enzyme produced by many organisms. Lactase is located in the brush border of the small intestine of humans and other mammals. It is essential to the complete digestion of whole milk by breaking down lactose, a sugar which gives milk its sweetness.

"Lactose intolerance" occurs when the body produces low amounts of Lactase enzyme, thus resulting in the body not being able to digest milk well. This can lead to diarrhoea, cramps, and gas. One way to treat lactose intolerance is by avoiding milk products. However, this can result in a lack of important nutrients and vitamins such as calcium, vitamin D, riboflavin, and protein.

As a dietary supplement, Lactase is often taken as a remedy for lactose intolerance thereby allowing the body to benefit from the nutrients available in milk-based foods.