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Eicosapentaenoic Acid

Last Updated: 18 September 2022


Figure 1. The chemical structure of Eicosapentaenoic acid.


Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is an Omega-3 fatty acid. Like DHA, EPA can be synthesised from alpha-linolenic acid in the human body, obtained from breast milk, or consumed via one's diet. EPA is usually found alongside DHA in seafood. Although EPA can be converted from alpha-linolenic acid, it is not efficient and only 1%-10% is typically converted. For food sources of EPA, refer to the Codex entry for DHA.


EPA is used to produce signalling molecules called eicosanoids, which play numerous physiological roles and reduce inflammation, pain, and swelling. EPA prevents blood from clotting easily (EPA acts as a precursor for prostaglandin-3, a compound that inhibits platelet aggregation) and reduces triglyceride levels in the blood. As a supplement, EPA is most commonly taken to prevent heart disease, heart attack, and depression. EPA is also a precursor of DHA. For more nutritional values, refer to the Codex entry for DHA.


  Sources and Citations:

* Please be advised: always seek medical consultation if you require medical help or attention. The contents of this Codex are for educational purposes and are not intended to offer personal medical advice.

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